Hepatoprotective Activity of Aqueous Extract of Lawsonia Inermis Against Paracetamol Induced Rats
Author: R. Selvanayaki, T. Ananthi
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. The aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis was administered orally to the animals with hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol. Silymarin was given as reference standard. The plant aqueous extract was effective in protecting the liver against the injury induced by Paracetamol in rats. This was evident from significant reduction in serum enzymes alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Protein and Bilirubin. It was concluded from the result that the aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis possesses hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Etiological Factors for the Development of Lung Cancer in Non-Smokers: An Overview
Author: Muhas C, P. R. Anand Vijaya Kumar, Raja D
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequent malignant tumour with the highest mortality rate around the world, leading to greater than a million deaths annually. The number of deaths due to lung cancer is expected to increase to ten million deaths per year in 2030. The major risk factor for the development of lung cancer is cigarette smoking but relatively high rates of lung cancer occur among non-smoking women and 10-25% of lung cancer observed in never smokers. The lung cancer deaths occur in never smokers have been estimated to be the 7th leading cause of cancer mortality. This article mainly discusses the important etiological factors of lung cancer in never smokers such as the environmental factors, occupational exposure, history of lung disease, family history and genetic factors, unbalanced diet and high consumption of saturated fat, radiation exposure, socioeconomic status, and infections. Gender, obesity and metabolic syndrome, race and ethnicity and interstitial lung diseases also have effects on the development of lung cancer in never smokers.
A Hybrid Methodology for Optimizing MIG Welding Process Parameters in Joining of Dissimilar Metals
Author: Mohammad Saif, Sumita Chaturvedi
Abstract
In this paper application of Taguchi and Grey relational analysis methodologies in determining optimal process parameters for MIG Welding are presented. Taguchi method is widely used in designing the optimal experiments, while grey relation analysis is useful in decision making when multiple criteria’s are considered, this combination serves as an effective tool in determining the optimal parameters of the pro- cess. In the present work welding current, voltage, speed, bevel angle were considered as input parameters in joining two dissimilar metals (AISI1044 & AISI1018), as these influence the output characteristics like tensile strength and hardness, these parameters need to be optimized. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Materials, Manufacturing & Energy Systems.
A Review on Phytopharmacological Activity of Alpinia Galanga
Author: Shimaila Eram, Md. Mujahid, Paramdeep Bagga, Muhammad Arif, Md. Afroz Ahmad, Arun Kumar, Farogh Ahsan, Md. Sohel Akhter
Abstract
Alpinia galanga plant which is associated with family Zingiberaceae is mainly scattered in tropical areas and widely known for ethno medicine. Against fungi and bacteria rhizome extract have a maximum inhibitory effect. Alpinia galanga plant is used in medicine and in food preparation. Rhizome extract of Alpinia galanga have high phenolic and flavonoid contents when compared to leaf extract. Because of elevated phenolic and flavonoid content in rhizome extract of Alpinia galanga there is noticeable antimicrobial as well as radical scavenging potential. It is a well-known official drug thought out the country as integrated contribution of nature. It is commonly used for the management of eczema, coryza, bronchitis, otitis interna, gastritis, ulcers, morbilli and cholera, pityriasis versicolor, to clear the mouth, emaciation. The different parts of the plant have various effects like antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiplatelet, antiviral, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anti-oxidant effects, hypolipidemic and many others. The essential oil of A. galanga identified 1, 8-cineol as a bioactive agent having antifeeding activity. An aqueous acetone extract of fruit of Alpinia galanga shows inhibitory effect on melanogenesis (formation of melanin). By using different methods, active constituent namely, 1'- acetochavicol acetate in hexane extract of Alpinia galanga rhizome was investigated for their corrosion inhibition properties. The current review add significant information about its, pharmacological activities, medicinal properties and phytochemical investigations as a traditional drug to cure for a number of diseases. Every fraction of the plant has valuable properties that can deliver humanity. The complete plant will be broadly investigated for further future prospective.
Derivative UV Spectroscopic Approaches in Multicomponent Analysis – A Review
Author: Sowjanya G, Ganapaty S, Sara Almas
Abstract
The spectrophotometric multi-component analysis involves spectrum recording and mathematical equations. However, spectral interference poses a major limitation when mixture samples are encountered. To overcome this derivative spectrophotometry (DS) has been introduced for the resolution of overlapping peaks. In this review modified methods like derivative quotient spectra, double divisor ratio spectra derivative method, double divisor means centering of ratio spectra method, derivative subtraction coupled with the constant multiplication method (DS-CM), amplitude subtraction (AS), modified amplitude subtraction (MAS), amplitude factor method (P-Factor), amplitude modulation method (AM), amplitude summation method (A-Sum), simultaneous derivative ratio spectrophotometry (S1DD), derivative compensation ratio via regression equation, differential dual wavelength (D1 DWL), differential derivative ratio (D1DR), successive derivative subtraction method (SDS) and derivative transformation (DT) of derivative spectrophotometry theories and applications are reviewed. These methods were applied to solve different complex pharmaceuticals mixtures. These developed methods were simple and cost-effective.