Formulation of Functional Biscuit for Lowering Blood Lipid Level
Author: Neha Mishra
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to formulate the functional biscuit for lowering blood lipid level and to elucidate its effect on hyperlipidemic patient. Functional biscuits T1, T2 & T3 were prepared by replacing the 10%, 15% and 20% refined wheat flour with soy flour. The prepared biscuits were evaluated for its physical, sensory and chemical properties. Result of sensory (appearance, color, flavor, texture, taste, and overall acceptability) evaluation of biscuits showed that treatment T1 (10% of soy flour) was best. The other treatments T2 & T3 were also found acceptable. The result of chemical analysis of functional biscuit showed moisture, ash, protein, fiber content increases with supplementation whereas fat, carbohydrate and energy value decreases with supplementation. 14 patients suffering from hyperlipidemia were selected for the study and were treated by 60gm of functional biscuit T1 for 45 days. Blood lipid level – total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides were measured before and after the ingestion of biscuit formula. This study shows that biscuit formulations can be modified significantly to develop functional biscuit which could be useful as a therapy for improving blood lipid profile.
A Compressive Review on the Study of Nanotechnology for Herbal Drugs
Authors: Yogita R. Indalkar, Nayana V. Pimpodkar, Anita S. Godase, Puja S. Gaikwad
Abstract
The traditional medicine system is gaining wider popularity in the present times leading to increase in its commercialization at an international level. Ayurveda can serve as an excellent template for the development of nanomedicine for human theragnostics. Nanoparticals are colloidal systems with particles verying in size from 10 nm to 100 nm. The nano formulations are reportated to have remarkable advantages over respective crude drugs preparations and conventional formulations of plant actives or extracts which includes enhancement of solubility, bioavaibility, protection from toxicity, enhancement of pharmacological activity, reduction in dose enhancement of stability, improved tissue macrophages distribution, sustained delivery and protection from physical and chemical degradation. The present study shows that traditional medicines may hold strong relevance in the emerging era of nanomedicine. Thus nano sized novel drug delivery system of herbal drugs has a potential future for enhancing the activity and overcoming problem associative with herbals.
A Review on-Novel Approaches in Nanorobotics
Authors: Lalita Balasaheb Patil, Swapnil S. Patil, Manoj M. Nitalikar, Chandrakant S. Magdum, Shrinivas K. Mohite
Abstract
Nanorobotics is emerging field of a nanotechnology having nanoscale dimensions and is predictable to work at an atomic, molecular and cellular level. Nanorobot skeleton is made up of carbon and its toolkit contains components like medicine cavity containing medicine, microcamera, payload, capacitor and swimming tail. As nanorobots have special sensors i.e. physical or chemical which detect the target molecules in the human body can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of various vital diseases i.e. cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, hemophilia, kidney stones, etc. Nanorobots till date are under the line of investigation, but some primary molecular models of these medically programmable machines have been tested. This review on nanorobots presents the various aspects allied i.e. introduction, history, ideal characteristics, Approaches in Nanorobotics ,basis for the development, tool kit recognition and retrieval from the body, application considering diagnosis and treatment.
Deep Learning Approaches for Early Detection of Cardiovascular Diseases Through Retinal Imaging
Authors: K. Kavitha, Dr. A. Suresh Babu
Abstract
Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the primary cause of mortality. The World Health Organization estimates that 17.9 million deaths worldwide in 2019 were related to CVDs, accounting for 32% of all fatalities. Effective clinical therapy requires early detection of CVDs, and deep learning algorithms can help with this by assisting in the diagnosis process. Thus, from retinal images, a deep learning model for the prediction of CVDs is created using CNNs (i.e., Convolutional Neural Networks) and MobileNet architecture. CNNs automatically extract pertinent information from retinal images, while the model's lightweight MobileNet design allows for efficient deployment. Pre-processing techniques are used to increase the quality and diversity of the data used in the model's training and evaluation on a large dataset that includes both healthy persons and CVD patients. Based on MobileNet, CNN's architecture includes extra layers designed specifically for CVD prediction. The model successfully classifies retinal images as suggestive of the presence or absence of CVD after extensive training and fine-tuning. Error and other standard measures are used in performance evaluation, showing encouraging outcomes for the economical and early identification of CVDs. Clinical value and influence on patient care must be evaluated in conjunction with integration into clinical settings and additional validation.
Neera: The coconut sap: A review
Author: Bipasa Misra
Abstract
Coconut is a very popular member of palm family-Arecaceae. It is the only accepted species of genus cocos. It is also a part of daily diet of many people. This is a very popular fruit as it has some cultural and religious significance, beside that every part of this fruit is use in different works. Neera is a product that is coming from the flower of coconut. It is a nectar type liquid. Neera is sweet, translucent in color and also has very high nutritional value. It is a very good source of vitamins, minerals and amino acid. Neera syrup is used as a health drink in connection with Ayurveda and other systems of medicine. Palm gur (jaggery), Palm sugar and other by products are produced by heating fresh neera and concentrating it.
Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Phytochemical Analysis of Selected Medicinal Plants from the Acanthaceae Family found in North Bihar, India.
Authors: Md Zeeshan Rasul, Mustafa Kamal Ansari
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive pharmacognostic evaluation and phytochemical analysis of three medicinal plants from the Acanthaceae family commonly found in North Bihar, India - Adhatoda vasica, Andrographis paniculata, and Hygrophila auriculata. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of leaves were examined. Physicochemical parameters like ash values, extractive values, and moisture content were determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed on different solvent extracts. HPLC analysis was carried out to identify and quantify major bioactive compounds. The pharmacognostic features provide useful information for authentication and standardization of these plant materials. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and other constituents. HPLC confirmed the presence of vasicine in A. vasica, andrographolide in A. paniculata, and lupeol in H. auriculata as major compounds. This study provides valuable data to establish quality control parameters for these important medicinal plants of the Acanthaceae family.
Role of Phytate and Phytases in Human Nutrition
Author: Sonia Dahiya
Abstract
Phytates have been considered as a major concern in human diet due to its antinutrient/chelating behaviour for divalent minerals such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+. Because of having a high potential for binding positively charged proteins, amino acids, and/or multivalent cations or minerals in foods phytic acid form complexes that are insoluble, difficult to hydrolyze during digestion, and thus, typically are nutritionally less available for absorption. Reduction of phytates can be achieved through both enzymatic and nonenzymatic removal. Various food processing techniques like soaking, malting, hydrothermal treatment and fermentation increases the activity of the naturally occurring plant phytases. Biotechnologically produced phytases may be possible for use tomorrow in food processing as well as plant raw material and starter cultures with inserted phytase genes. Role of phytases in dietary nutrition and their application with respect to breadmaking process, probiotics, animal feed supplement and transgenic crops are also emphasised in this paper.
Sensory characteristics and nutrient composition of biscuits prepared by using seed powder of date fruit (Phoenix Dactylifera)
Authors: Vinita, Darshan Punia
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the suitability of date seed powder for preparation of biscuits and to study their sensory characteristics and nutrient composition. The powder of seeds obtained from four varieties of date fruit, namely Hillawi, Khadrawi, Medjool and Shamran were incorporated in biscuits at 5, 10 and15% levels. The findings of the study showed that the mean scores of organoleptic acceptability of control and Type-1 (5% seed powder supplementation) biscuits fell in the category of ‘like very much’, Type-2 (10% seed powder) fell in the category of ‘like moderately’ and Type-3 (15% seed powder) fell in the category of ‘like slightly’. The results of sensory evaluation of products showed that seed powder could be incorporated upto the level of 5%. The nutrient composition of the products revealed that all the supplemented biscuits had higher amount of crude fiber as compared to their respective controls.